WAUU Journal of International Affairs and Contemporary Studies (WJIACS) is a biannual multidisciplinary journal of the West African Union University Press, Cotonou, and Republic of Benin. WJIACS publishes well-researched articles that cut across Sciences, Arts, Humanities, Management Sciences, Legal Studies and Social Sciences. Articles in WJIACS are peer-reviewed, adequately referenced, enriched with insightful knowledge and policy options that are capable of re-engineering the global society. The key objective of the journal is to crossbreed ideas that would provide solutions to global contemporary challenges and as well promote 21st-century scholarship.